consumer research 101
Alright, here's a quick run-down
on what's ACTUALLY happening with "paid surveys online." There's
obviously more to it than we can expound on here, and if any of this stuff
really interests you, you can always get lost for weeks on end learning about
it. Polling in America began in 1790 during the first census. Consumer research
actually started after the Great Depression and World War II.
Click here to read more on the subject.
Before any company spends millions of dollars to manufacture, advertise and provide
the next greatest thing to spend your money on, they spend a few thousand
dollars to figure out what kind of and how many consumers are willing to part
with their hard-earned cash for it. There are no exceptions, test marketing
always always always happens first!.... Always!
So, after someone figures out they may have invented the next greatest thing
since sliced bread, a market research professional is contacted, and the TRUE
potential of the products success in the real world is tested through a variety
of methods.
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There are different types, or "methodologies" or ways of
executing consumer research studies, some of which include:
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Qualitative Studies:
Higher response observation quality, generally to answer the
question "why?" Offers a more personal, elaborate, in-depth, and detailed
observation regarding attitudes,
opinions, beliefs, and feelings that
quantitative research can't.
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Clinical Trials - set-up by
physicians or patients advocate groups, these research trials are for people who
suffer from any number of ailments. People that have been diagnosed by a
physician can volunteer to participate and further the studies of medicine.
Patients usually qualify for expenses, prescriptions, and other compensations,
but every study is different. (These are not a money-making opportunity! These
are serious scientific research projects, and only those with the specified
ailments and proper ethical motivation should even consider these. They are NOT
an opportunity to "cash-in".)
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Face-to-face Interviews - more
personal than focus groups, an individuals responses can be more accurately
observed, providing an even more in-depth analysis. Some kinds of issues are
best discussed with one person at a time.
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Bulletin Boards - a straightforward,
in-depth inquiry over several days, or they can be ongoing in nature. With
online bulletin boards, a discussion is initiated for a few days, respondents
can then take time off to use a product or service or complete some “homework,”
and return to the bulletin board on a later date to participate in follow-up
research. Each day a group of pre-determined questions are posted. Respondents agree to visit
the board a predetermined amount of times a day, and to watch for follow-up
questions throughout the discussion. A moderator visits frequently to assess
participation and to post additional probes.
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Usability Testing - just like the
name implies, "ability to be used" easily or as intended for the target consumer
group. Oftentimes, consumers are recruited to take products home and use them according to
instructions. While testing, they'll fill out questionnaires and return them after they
complete the study. This testing provides more of a "real life" test than
when products are tested at the testing center.
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Product evaluation
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Software ease of use
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website analysis
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Ethnographies
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In-home Studies - research conducted
in the respondent's environment.
Companies can benefit from watching you shop for or use a product in your
accustomed setting. The moderator—often accompanied by a notetaker and/or
videographer—may come to your home, drive in your car with you, or walk through
a store with you. Please remember that if you agree to in-home research, you
should learn up front where in your house the moderator would like to go and
what they expect of you. Please do not agree to anything that makes you
uncomfortable or you'd rather not do.
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Shop-a-longs
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Quantitative
Studies: As the name implies quantity, involves larger
sample sizes, is structured, and provides
statistical data to predict, project, and
plan. Quite a few of the "surveys for money" fall into this category.
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Internet Studies - answers gathered online
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Telephone Studies - standardized questionnaire given over
phone
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Direct Mail Studies - answers gathered via mass mailings
targeted to users
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Hybrid Studies
Stay tuned as we continue to expand
this section. Your patience is appreciated.
code of ethics
As a trusted resource for honest
answers for these free online surveys, you should be bound by the following guidelines. If you want reputable
research firms to take you seriously and consider you for future studies, you'll need
to earn a good reputation, which includes your standards of behavior. Honesty in
everything is the basic bottom line. It's not a quiz, and there are no right and wrong answers in
consumer research, just observed responses, so just be yourself!
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NEVER EVER attempt to
register with a company more than once, with multiple email accounts, under
multiple
aliases, or any other means of data manipulation or falsification!
-
You will be found out, kicked out, and most
likely black-listed as a "professional survey respondent", per industry standard best management practices, from
ever registering with any other panels! Any evidence of tampering with
results, fraudulent registrations, or the like, will not be tolerated by
legitimate businesses. It's wrong, so just don't do it. This is pretty much
the practice that has caused more problems, on both sides, than any other. Lots of
unscrupulous people are trying to take advantage and maximize their income from surveys,
fraudulently. Then survey companies have to establish dedicated anti-fraud practices.
Which costs them money. Which is passed on to respondents in the form of
lower payouts. So who ultimately pays for fraud?
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HONEST answers are the ONLY answers any survey
or researcher is looking
for. There are no right and wrong answers in consumer research, just observed
responses. You can and will skew the results with bogus answers, and could even disqualify yourself
from participation in future studies. Oftentimes, red flags from certain
answers, deemed out-of-synch with your demographic or the previous surveys
you've taken from them, will prompt a review of your answers, and you may be deemed unsuitable
for participation in any more surveys. If you're not completely honest, paid
surveys online are a
lose-lose for everyone.
-
You may think you've got the
survey figured out, but rest assured, you'll never know, and they'll figure
you out. Just don't do it. There's enough control measures and redundancies
to catch the fibbers. Even if you
complete that survey, it may or may not have been the survey they were
looking for you to really take. Just because it said "Congratulations and
thank you" at the end doesn't mean there wasn't another, different, better
paying survey for you, or that you necessarily completed their mission for
you. Just be yourself, answer the questions honestly and see where it takes you.
That's YOUR mission!
The only way that you'll benefit
as a cog in this machinery of
market research is if they can identify you. Most survey results are
aggregated, or mixed and sorted and anonymous, so rest easy.
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Worried about privacy? Most
reputable market research firms will state clearly that your personal
information will never be divulged or shared, per industry guidelines. If
you're that worried, you can always get a P.O. Box.
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Nobody cares that John W. Smith
III, living at
1234 Mockingbird Lane in Cincinnati Ohio, earns $68,978 a year working for
AT&T, married to a woman named Sandy
with daughters Brandy and Mandy, drives a 2008 red Porsche Boxxer, has a
Nakamichi DVD player, and spends $193 a
month on boutique specialty popcorn. All they care about is a man, in the 40-48 year old
demographic, making somewhere in the $65-75K range working in the
communications industry, is married to a woman and has two kids, who rents
and doesn't own his own home in zip code X, drives a sports-car not an
SUV, watches movies more than TV, and spends a decent chunk of change on
brand Y microwave popcorn with or without extra butter or salt or cheese
or whatever.
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If you're 55, don't tell them you're 18 because you think
they want the "hip-happening-new-generation" opinions over yours. For new video games, you may not be
high on the list for opinions. For big-ticket items, real estate investments
or retirement funds, who do you think they want
to hear from?
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Spell your name correctly, or
at least use proper initials, and give a proper mailing
address. The only thing worse than getting a check with a name other than
your real name that you can't cash or deposit, is NOT getting that same
check because you didn't tell them your real mailing address.
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Trying to make the highest
hourly rate by whipping through every surveys for cash offer is both counter-productive to the whole
process and completely frowned upon, please don't do it. Read the questions carefully. Inevitably you'll miss the word "not"
and make mistakes, give half-correct-answers, short-change yourself, and
again, affect the survey results in a negative way. Making pretty patterns
in the answer boxes or just randomly answering with nonsense because it's
quick is rude. Researchers and the companies who hire them spend a lot of
energy and resources creating online surveys - just as you don't want people
wasting your time, don't waste theirs by giving a less than sincere effort.
-
Some online paid surveys will remind you of
this before you start - taking the time to give thoughtful and the most
correct answers (as they apply to you) is very important to the accuracy of
the study. You may think that
"they" don't need to know if you have a DVR machine or electric
razor in your house, or who
you're using to refill your ink-jet cartridges, but it all matters to
them. Statistics are
drawn from every single answer you give, and the better the answers, the
better the quality of the study. The better the study, the better the company
that asked for the survey can meet the needs of its consumer, which is ultimately
YOU!
professional
marketing associations & resources
Note: Just because a company is not listed or
affiliated with any of these organizations, does not necessarily reflect poorly
on that company. And vice-versa.
And there's always
the
Better Business Bureau.
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AACR - Association for Consumer Research
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AAPOR - American Association for Public Opinion Research
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AMA - American Marketing Association
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ARF - Advertising Research Foundation
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CASRO - Council of American Survey Research Organizations
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QRCA - Qualitative Research Consultants Association
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EFAMRO - European Federation of Market Research Agency Associations
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ESOMAR
- European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research
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MRA - Marketing Research Association
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MRS - Market Research Society United Kingdom
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MRSA - Australian Market and Social Research Society
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NCPP - National Council on Public Polls
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Check out this site, and try out their
search function for thousands of articles and white-papers on all of this stuff.
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WebSM - Web Survey Methodology
paid surveys online
glossary: a - m
If you start to do any research regarding paid market
research studies, you'll see a few of these words over and over
again, especially when
selling their capabilities to the companies that need market research. When you know what they're talking
about, it's a little easier to see how you fit into the consumer research
industry.
|
Armchair Research |
Using existing information from sources such as
publications, for research information purposes. Secondary information
source. |
|
Attitude |
The way in which people think and behave towards each
other and things. |
|
Consumer
|
A person or organization who purchases goods and services. |
|
Consumer Panel |
A group of consumers who provide feedback on the
products/services they have used in order to facilitate better product
development or new advertising initiatives. |
|
Consumer Research |
Research conducted to identify why consumers buy goods or use services,
and what their future buying habits may be. |
|
Consumer Survey
|
A survey conducted to identify existing and potential
demand for a product or service, be it new or existing. |
|
Control Group
|
A group of people which is used as a cross-reference
check for a sample group. |
|
Demographic |
Age, race, geographic location, income level and other variables that
"place" a person into a prescribed category. |
|
Facility |
The place where
focus groups and individual
interviews usually
take place. Facilities are businesses devoted to conducting consumer
research. They maintain a database of people's names and demographic
information. They call people from their database when a
moderator is
looking for
respondents who fit specific criteria. The facility then
schedules the respondents and sets up the room. |
|
Focus Group |
A group of people who are brought together to informally
discuss a market-research question. These individuals are usually
contacted by a marketing research company, on behalf of another company. |
|
Honorarium |
Paid incentive for
services rendered
|
|
Margin of Error
|
The number of errors acceptable in a survey. Usually
expressed as a percentage. |
|
Market Area
|
A geographical area representing a particular market. For
example, an area where the Internet is used. |
|
Market Development
|
The search for new markets for a product or service,
using a method of information gathering. |
|
Marketer
|
A person or company that engages in marketing activities. |
|
Marketing Research
|
Research conducted in the name of producing better marketing results.
Includes market research, consumer research, and product research. |
|
Moderator
|
The person you talk with in the interview room. Sometimes
also called a facilitator. |
|
Multiple Choice Question
|
A type of question which lists different types of
answers. Usually limited to 5, so as not to overwhelm the respondent. |
paid surveys online
glossary: n - z
|
Open Questions
|
Questions in which no options for response are given, as
many responses are possible. These types of questions are used to
facilitate new ideas for an organization. |
|
Opinion Leader
|
A person who's opinions particularly influence others in
society. Examples include celebrities and politicians. |
|
Opinion Leader Research
|
Research conducted to understand the opinions and
attitudes of opinion leaders. |
|
Opinion Poll
|
Asking a sample group of people what their opinion is on
a particular topic, so as to guess the opinions of the whole population.
Sample group is usually selected using the simple random sample method. |
|
Panel
|
A group of people (usually consumers) who provide feedback on marketing
problems. |
|
Personal Surveys
|
A one-on-one, in-person survey between a respondent and
interviewer. Popular in public places such as shopping malls. |
|
Poll
|
Asking a group of the population how they feel about a particular topic. |
|
Recruiter
|
The person who contacts you and asks you questions to see
if you qualify for a study. |
|
Respondents
|
Industry term for research participants. The
people who give their opinions.
|
|
Sample
|
A small group which is studied to represent a larger
group. To ask a representative group of people questions to find out
what the reactions of a larger group would be. |
|
Sample Size
|
The number of people used for a survey. |
|
Sampling
|
The testing of reactions in a small group of people, used
to represent the attitudes of a much larger population. |
|
Sampling Error
|
The difference in results between what a small sample of
people think and what the results would be if the entire population were
surveyed. |
|
Semi-Structured Questionnaire
|
A questionnaire often used in business to business research where a
large range of responses are anticipated. They include the use of a
combination of open questions, multiple choice, true false questions,
and scale questions. |
|
Structured Questionnaire
|
A questionnaire used in large surveys where specific answers are
anticipated. They include the use of multiple choice and scale
questions. |
|
Telephone Surveys
|
A survey conducted via telephone where potential respondents are called
by an interviewer to answer questions. |
|
Unstructured Question
|
A questionnaire used for technical/specialist markets where in-depth
questions are asked with the intention of accumulating a large variety
of responses. |
|
UPR |
Unconditional Positive Regard (UPR) is accepting with enthusiasm and interest
all that people communicate. A productive qualitative setting depends on an
environment of safety in which all parties—respondents, clients, and
researchers—can take risks, present new ideas and solutions, and express beliefs
and feelings. Openness and flexibility are the strengths of qualitative as a
methodology, and UPR is the attitudinal embodiment of those strengths.
Therefore, the most astute decisions and accurate hypotheses arise when UPR
permeates the structure and atmosphere of the study. |
taxes
No tax advice for the earnings from these surveys will be given here,
please consult an attorney.
If
you make a dime, most likely big-brother wants to know about it - period.
Some companies will require your Social Security Number after
(repeat - AFTER) you
earn $600 in a fiscal year,
and rightly so if they are in good standing with the I.R.S. You should be
encouraged by their compliance, not discouraged. Obviously, you should
research the company thoroughly before handing over such a sensitive piece of
information however. If it's a respected university, you're probably alright. If
it's LatestGreatestSurveyCompany.com, maybe you should do some homework. If you'd rather, using regular U.S.P.S. mail to send the company your
sensitive information is perfectly acceptable. Any legitimate business entity
will respect your wishes to not electronically transmit that type of data. If
they object, then you don't need to do business with them.
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